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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
A scoping review of home-produced heroin and amphetamine-type stimulant substitutes: implications for prevention, treatment, and policy
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Harm Reduction Journal, April 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s12954-016-0105-2 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Evelyn Hearne, Jean-Paul Cornelius Grund, Marie Claire Van Hout, Jim McVeigh |
| Abstract |
Several home-produced substances such as krokodil and boltushka are prevalent in many Eastern European countries. Anecdotal reports of its use have been circulating in Germany and Norway; however, this has not been confirmed. Its use has also been reported by the media in the USA, although only one confirmed report of its use exists. Home-produced drugs are associated with high levels of morbidity and a number of complex health issues such as the spread of blood borne viruses, gangrene, and internal organ damage. The high incidence of HIV rates amongst people who inject home-produced substances is a public health concern. The resulting physical health consequences of injecting these crude substances are very severe in comparison to heroin or amphetamine acquired in black markets. Due to this fact and the increased mortality associated with these substances, professionals in the area of prevention, treatment, and policy development need to be cognisant of the presentation, harms, and the dangers associated with home-produced substances globally. This scoping review aimed to examine existing literature on the subject of home-produced heroin and amphetamine-type stimulant substitutes. The review discussed the many implications such research may have in the areas of policy and practice. Data were gathered through the use of qualitative secondary resources such as journal articles, reports, reviews, case studies, and media reports. The home production of these substances relies on the utilisation of precursor drugs such as less potent stimulants, tranquillizers, analgesics, and sedatives or natural plant ingredients. The Internet underpins the facilitation of this practice as recipes, and diverted pharmaceutical sales are available widely online, and currently, ease of access to the Internet is evident worldwide. This review highlights the necessity of prevention, education, and also harm reduction related to home-produced drugs and also recommends consistent monitoring of online drug fora, online drug marketplaces, and unregulated pharmacies. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 34 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 10 | 29% |
| United Kingdom | 6 | 18% |
| Australia | 2 | 6% |
| Belgium | 1 | 3% |
| Germany | 1 | 3% |
| Comoros | 1 | 3% |
| Canada | 1 | 3% |
| Palestine, State of | 1 | 3% |
| Netherlands | 1 | 3% |
| Other | 1 | 3% |
| Unknown | 9 | 26% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 25 | 74% |
| Scientists | 7 | 21% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 3% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 87 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 2 | 2% |
| Unknown | 85 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 15 | 17% |
| Student > Master | 12 | 14% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 9% |
| Student > Bachelor | 6 | 7% |
| Other | 5 | 6% |
| Other | 14 | 16% |
| Unknown | 27 | 31% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 13 | 15% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 12 | 14% |
| Social Sciences | 12 | 14% |
| Psychology | 5 | 6% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 3% |
| Other | 12 | 14% |
| Unknown | 30 | 34% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 66. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 21 November 2022.
All research outputs
#577,758
of 23,674,309 outputs
Outputs from Harm Reduction Journal
#95
of 971 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#11,238
of 300,690 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Harm Reduction Journal
#1
of 9 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,674,309 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 97th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 971 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 28.9. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 90% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 300,690 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 96% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 9 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has scored higher than all of them