Title |
High glucose concentrations induce TNF-α production through the down-regulation of CD33 in primary human monocytes
|
---|---|
Published in |
BMC Immunology, April 2012
|
DOI | 10.1186/1471-2172-13-19 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Yolanda Gonzalez, M Teresa Herrera, Gloria Soldevila, Lourdes Garcia-Garcia, Guadalupe Fabián, E Martha Pérez-Armendariz, Karen Bobadilla, Silvia Guzmán-Beltrán, Eduardo Sada, Martha Torres |
Abstract |
CD33 is a membrane receptor containing a lectin domain and a cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) that is able to inhibit cytokine production. CD33 is expressed by monocytes, and reduced expression of CD33 correlates with augmented production of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-8. However, the role of CD33 in the inflammation associated with hyperglycemia and diabetes is unknown. Therefore, we studied CD33 expression and inflammatory cytokine secretion in freshly isolated monocytes from patients with type 2 diabetes. To evaluate the effects of hyperglycemia, monocytes from healthy donors were cultured with different glucose concentrations (15-50 mmol/l D-glucose), and CD33 expression and inflammatory cytokine production were assessed. The expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling protein-3 (SOCS-3) and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also evaluated to address the cellular mechanisms involved in the down-regulation of CD33. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | <1% |
India | 1 | <1% |
Brazil | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 163 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 32 | 19% |
Student > Master | 26 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 20 | 12% |
Researcher | 13 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 5% |
Other | 25 | 15% |
Unknown | 42 | 25% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 37 | 22% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 28 | 17% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 20 | 12% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 12 | 7% |
Neuroscience | 6 | 4% |
Other | 18 | 11% |
Unknown | 45 | 27% |