Title |
Individual-specific changes in the human gut microbiota after challenge with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and subsequent ciprofloxacin treatment
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Published in |
BMC Genomics, June 2016
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DOI | 10.1186/s12864-016-2777-0 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Mihai Pop, Joseph N. Paulson, Subhra Chakraborty, Irina Astrovskaya, Brianna R. Lindsay, Shan Li, Héctor Corrada Bravo, Clayton Harro, Julian Parkhill, Alan W. Walker, Richard I. Walker, David A. Sack, O. Colin Stine |
Abstract |
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of diarrhea in inhabitants from low-income countries and in visitors to these countries. The impact of the human intestinal microbiota on the initiation and progression of ETEC diarrhea is not yet well understood. We used 16S rRNA (ribosomal RNA) gene sequencing to study changes in the fecal microbiota of 12 volunteers during a human challenge study with ETEC (H10407) and subsequent treatment with ciprofloxacin. Five subjects developed severe diarrhea and seven experienced few or no symptoms. Diarrheal symptoms were associated with high concentrations of fecal E. coli as measured by quantitative culture, quantitative PCR, and normalized number of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Large changes in other members of the microbiota varied greatly from individual to individual, whether or not diarrhea occurred. Nonetheless the variation within an individual was small compared to variation between individuals. Ciprofloxacin treatment reorganized microbiota populations; however, the original structure was largely restored at one and three month follow-up visits. Symptomatic ETEC infections, but not asymptomatic infections, were associated with high fecal concentrations of E. coli. Both infection and ciprofloxacin treatment caused variable changes in other bacteria that generally reverted to baseline levels after three months. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 7 | 21% |
United Kingdom | 7 | 21% |
Malawi | 1 | 3% |
Nigeria | 1 | 3% |
Montenegro | 1 | 3% |
Sweden | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 16 | 47% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 16 | 47% |
Members of the public | 13 | 38% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 4 | 12% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 1 | 1% |
Mexico | 1 | 1% |
United States | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 97 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 22 | 22% |
Student > Bachelor | 14 | 14% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 13 | 13% |
Student > Master | 12 | 12% |
Other | 5 | 5% |
Other | 15 | 15% |
Unknown | 19 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 23 | 23% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 15 | 15% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 10 | 10% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 7 | 7% |
Computer Science | 4 | 4% |
Other | 17 | 17% |
Unknown | 24 | 24% |