Title |
What every psychiatrist should know about PANDAS: a review
|
---|---|
Published in |
Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health, January 2008
|
DOI | 10.1186/1745-0179-4-13 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Germana Moretti, Massimo Pasquini, Gabriele Mandarelli, Lorenzo Tarsitani, Massimo Biondi |
Abstract |
The term Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcus infections (PANDAS) was coined by Swedo et al. in 1998 to describe a subset of childhood obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) and tic disorders triggered by group-A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus pyogenes infection. Like adult OCD, PANDAS is associated with basal ganglia dysfunction. Other putative pathogenetic mechanisms of PANDAS include molecular mimicry and autoimmune-mediated altered neuronal signaling, involving calcium-calmodulin dependent protein (CaM) kinase II activity. Nonetheless the contrasting results from numerous studies provide no consensus on whether PANDAS should be considered as a specific nosological entity or simply a useful research framework. Herein we discuss available data that could provide insight into pathophysiology of adult OCD, or might explain cases of treatment-resistance. We also review the latest research findings on diagnostic and treatment. |
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Brazil | 2 | 3% |
Germany | 1 | 2% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 2% |
Taiwan | 1 | 2% |
United States | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 52 | 90% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 10 | 17% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 16% |
Researcher | 8 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 6 | 10% |
Other | 6 | 10% |
Other | 13 | 22% |
Unknown | 6 | 10% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 23 | 40% |
Psychology | 10 | 17% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 9% |
Neuroscience | 4 | 7% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 3% |
Other | 6 | 10% |
Unknown | 8 | 14% |