| Title |
Depression, stress, anxiety and their predictors in Iranian pregnant women during the outbreak of COVID-19
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
BMC Psychology, September 2020
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s40359-020-00464-8 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Fatemeh Effati-Daryani, Somayeh Zarei, Azam Mohammadi, Elnaz Hemmati, Sakineh Ghasemi Yngyknd, Mojgan Mirghafourvand |
| Abstract |
Pregnancy as a sensitive period of a woman's life can be affected by various psychological factors that can have adverse effects on the woman, her fetus and future baby. Since COVID-19 is a new phenomenon with limited information available, it may have adverse psychological effects on pregnant women. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the status of depression, stress, anxiety and their predictors in Iranian pregnant women during the outbreak of COVID-19. This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 205 pregnant women covered by Tabriz health centers in Iran. The sampling method used was cluster sampling. The data collection tool was the socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire and the DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21), which were completed online by pregnant women. The general linear model was used to determine the predictive factors of depression, anxiety and stress. The mean (SD) score of depression, stress, and anxiety were 3.91 (3.9), 6.22 (4.25), and 3.79 (3.39), respectively; the score range of 0 to 21. Depression, stress, and anxiety symptoms were observed in 32.7, 32.7, and 43.9% of the participants, respectively, with varying degrees from mild to very severe. Based on the adjusted general linear model, variables of education level, spouse's job and marital life satisfaction were the predictors of depressive symptoms. Variables of spouse's education level, spouse's support, marital life satisfaction and the number of pregnancies were the predictive factors of anxiety symptoms and the variables of spouse's education level, household income sufficiency, spouse's support and marital life satisfaction were predictors of stress symptoms. Considering the role of marital life satisfaction, high level of spouse's education and income in reducing symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression in pregnant women in critical situations such as the prevalence of COVID-19, it seems that using strategies to promote marital life satisfaction and socio-economic status can play an effective role in controlling anxiety and reducing stress and depression in pregnant women. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Australia | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 426 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 426 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 58 | 14% |
| Student > Master | 39 | 9% |
| Lecturer | 31 | 7% |
| Researcher | 28 | 7% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 17 | 4% |
| Other | 61 | 14% |
| Unknown | 192 | 45% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Nursing and Health Professions | 93 | 22% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 52 | 12% |
| Psychology | 25 | 6% |
| Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 9 | 2% |
| Business, Management and Accounting | 7 | 2% |
| Other | 45 | 11% |
| Unknown | 195 | 46% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 25 September 2020.
All research outputs
#18,088,660
of 23,243,271 outputs
Outputs from BMC Psychology
#675
of 811 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#291,173
of 408,523 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Psychology
#22
of 26 outputs
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